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we are talking about automobile. HomeProjectsSeminarsNotesBlogContact Us Automobile Definations Bore :- It is the diameter of engine cylinder. It is denoted by ‘D’ and measured in cm or meter. Stroke :- It is the distance between I.D.C. and B.D.C. It is measured by ‘L’. Work :- When and object moves from one place to another place with the help of force Work is done it is measured in Kg and meter. It is denoted by ‘W’. Power :- The rate of dewing work is power. It is measures in H.P (Horse Power), kilowatt. (Kiwi) power is denoted by ‘D’. Energy :- Capacity to do work. Torque :- Torque means twisting force or it is the turning force. It is measured in kg, meter and it is denoted by ‘T’. Piston Displacement :- It is the volume. Displaced by the piston from T.D.C to B.D.C. It is also known as swift volume. Where D’ – Diameter of cylinder L- stroke length. Engine displacement :- It is the total volume displaced by all the piston of engine displacement (E.D) Number of cylinder. Compression ratio :- It is the ration of the charge taken to the charge compressed. CR= Total volume Clearance volume. V= vs+VC V= VC. I.H.P. (Indicated horse power) :- Indicated horse power. It is measured inside the engine cylinder after the burning of fuel. It is the power developed on piston. I.H.P = Pm: – mean effective pressure in kg/cm? L : – stroke length in m. A : – An Area cylinder in [cm2]. N : – speed of engine in R.P.M. for two stroke engine N=N and for four stroke engine w = N. B.H.P. (Break Horse power) :- It is the power measured at flywheel. (Outside the engine) this power is less than I.H.P. B.H.P = N: – Speed of engine B.P.M. T: – Torque K.G.M. T = (w-s) x R. W: – weight or load on break drum. S: – Spring scale reading. R: – Radius of break drum in metes. F.H.P. (Friction horse power) :- It is the power measured by taking difference of I.H.P and B.H.P F.H.P = I.H.P = B.H.P. Mechanical efficiency :- It is the ration of output by in put N= B.H.P X 100 I.H.P Volumetric efficiency :- Charge :- Air & fuel it is the ration of charged taken to the volume displaced by the piston. During suction strake. Thermal efficiency :- It is the ratio of work out put to the heat input. N = B.H.P. Thermal = N. T.H.P Thermal Break thermal efficiency = B.H.P x 4500 W.Q.I. W: – Weight of fuel supply. Q: – Calorific value. I: – mechanical equivalent of heat – 427. Indicated thermal efficiency = I.H.P x 4500 WxQxJ.